New image processing tools for structural dynamic monitoring

This paper presents an introduction to structural damage assessment using image processing on real data (non ideal conditions). Our contribution is much more a groundwork than a classical experimental validation. After measuring the bridge dynamic parameter on a small resolution video, we conjointly present advantages and limitations of our method. Finally we introduce several "computer vision" based rules and focus on the technical ability to detect damage using camera and video motion estimation

Visualisation interactive de données volumiques texturées pour la détection supervisée de failles en imagerie sismique

L'interprétation des images sismiques tridimensionnelles est une étape clé de léxploration pétrolière. Les enjeux de cette activité sont de produire un modèle des différentes structures, telles que les failles, incluses au sein des données sismiques. Les objectifs multiples de cette thèse, menée en partenariat avec le groupe TOTAL, sont de concevoir, d'implémenter et de valider des techniques innovantes de visualisation et d'interaction aidant à la détection et à la modélisation des failles, supervisée par un interprétateur. Bien que spécifiquement développés à destination d'un contexte opérationnel particulier, les outils proposés s'appliquent plus généralement à lénsemble des données volumiques texturées ainsi qu'à la segmentation manuelle de structures tridimensionnelles. Ils s'inscrivent dans un cadre théorique et méthodologique nécessairement pluridisciplinaire qui concerne des domaines aussi divers que la psychologie expérimentale, l'ingénierie cognitive, la réalité virtuelle ou encore l'interaction homme-machine.The interpretation of seismic 3D imagery is a step key leading to hydrocarbon exploitation. The challenge of this activity is to produce a model of several geological structures, like faults, embedded in seismic dataset. The aim of this thesis, carried out with TOTAL company, is to elaborate, design and evaluate new techniques of visualization and interaction for fault detection and modelization supervised by a human expert. Even if specially designed for an operational context, our tools are also dedicated to other volumetric data and manual segmentation of 3D structures. The theorical foundation of our works are based on a pluridisciplinary approach and concerns several scientific fields like experimental psychology, cognitive engineering, virtual reality or human computer interaction

TaMaris Project : Interpretation of detected suspect vessel events

International audienceAs we face varied unlawful activities and other threats, innovative solution shall be set up to permanently track and monitor all type of ship traffics, in vulnerable trading lanes and country border zones in order to detect abnormal vessel behaviour, to understand suspicious event and to early identify threatening situation. TaMaris on going development is a technical capability grouping analysis tools and operational procedures, operated from state of art human machine interface (HMI), to support experts group in understanding suspicious event, early identify threat and generating argued electronic report. Reports required for keeping continuously informed decisional authority ..

TAMARIS : Traitement et Authentification des MenAces et RISques en mer

National audienceL'objectif du projet de démonstrateur TAMARIS est d'intégrer un processus et des outils innovants de traitement de l'information pour l'analyse d'une situation qui comporte une série d'alertes correspondant à un comportement suspect de navire. Ce comportement suspect peut se dérouler dans le temps (sur plusieurs jours, voir mois) et sur un espace maritime étendu (plusieurs centaines de miles nautiques). L'analyse est traduite par l'élaboration, en temps réel, d'un dossier d'interprétation électronique. Ce dernier est standardisé, et permet de rassembler l'ensemble des informations et l'analyse sur un seul support réactualisé au fil du déroulement de la situation. Ce dossier peut être transmis aux autorités décisionnelles afin de suivre en permanence les évolutions et d'être informées de l'identification progressive du comportement suspect durant son déroulement. Une table tactile permet de constituer et visualiser ce dossier, mais aussi à une équipe d'experts de différentes organisations de travailler ensemble ou à distance de façon interactive. Enfin, le dossier constitue une archive quasi complète et chronologique qui peut être transmise également à des enquêteurs pour mener des investigations ultérieures suites à une plainte

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Visualisation interactive de données volumiques texturées pour la détection supervisée de failles en imagerie sismique

L'interprétation des images sismiques tridimensionnelles est une étape clé de l'exploration pétrolière. Les enjeux de cette activité sont de produire un modèle des différentes structures, telles que les failles, incluses au sein des données sismiques. Les objectifs multiples de cette thèse, menée en partenariat avec le groupe TOTAL, sont de concevoir, d'implémenter et de valider des techniques innovantes de visualisation et d'interaction aidant à la détection et à la modélisation des failles, supervisée par un interprétateur. Bien que spécifiquement développés à destination d'un contexte opéraionnel particulier, les outils proposés s'appliquent plus généralement à l'ensemble des données volumiques texturées ainsi qu'à la segmentation manuelle de structures tridimentionnelles. Ils s'inscrivent dans un cadre théorique et méthodologique nécessairement pluridisciplinaire qui concerne des domaines aussi divers que la spychologie expérimentale, l'imagerie cognitive, la réalité virtuelle ou encore l'interaction homme-machine.BORDEAUX1-BU Sciences-Talence (335222101) / SudocSudocFranceF

A Route to “all-cis” 2-Methyl-6-Substituted Piperidin-3-ol Alkaloids from syn-(2R,1′S)-2-(1-Dibenzylaminomethyl)epoxide: Rapid Total Synthesis of (+)-Deoxocassine

International audienceA general strategy leading to the synthesis of two cis-2methyl-6-substituted piperidin-3-ols is described. syn-(2R,1ЈS)-2-(1-Dibenzylaminomethyl) epoxide (13) was used as common building block. The key step involved oxirane ring opening of 13 by the nucleophilic lithium aza-enolate o

Highly Enantioselective Access to alpha-Dibenzylamino Ketones from Chiral Nonracemic alpha-Bromo alpha'-Sulfinyl Ketones by Dynamic Kinetic Resolution: Synthesis of (2R, 1'S)-2-[1-(Dibenzylamino)alkyl]oxiranes

International audienceA novel and efficient synthesis of enantiomerically pure alpha-dibenzylamino alpha'-sulfinyl ketones starting from a mixture of both epimers of alpha-bromo alpha'-(R)-sulfinyl Ketone has been realized through combined in situ substitution-epimerization in so-called Dynamic Kinetic Resolution (DKR). The scope of the reaction has been examined, and four differently substituted alpha-(S)-dibenzylamino alpha'-(R)-sulfinyl ketones were obtained in good yields with excellent diastereoselectivities. The utility of these derivatives was further illustrated with a highly stereoselective synthesis of syn-(2R, 1'S)-2-(1-dibenzylaminoalkyl)oxiranes

A Divergent Synthetic Strategy Based on the Regioselective Reductive Ring-Opening of a Cyclic 1,2-p-Methoxybenzylidene Acetal

International audienceDibenzyl-1-[(4R)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3dioxolan-4-yl]ethanamine is obtained in five steps from an abromo-a¢-(R)-sulfinyl ketone and is used as a common intermediate for the synthesis of the p-methoxybenzyl-protected primary and secondary alcohols, (2R,3S)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-[(4-methoxybenzyl)oxy]butan-1-ol and (2R,3S)-3-(benzylamino)-1-[(4-methoxybenzyl)oxy]butan-2-ol, respectively. These alcohols are further exploited as precursors for the synthesis of a fully protected syn-3amino-2-hydroxybutanoic acid and an N-benzyl 2-hydroxymethylaziridine

Synthesis of a Linear Assembly Consisting of a Central Ru(Phen)32+ Derivative and Two Peripheral Porphyrins

International audience2-(2-Tetrahydrofurylidene)propionates, usually obtained only in the more stable (E) configuration 1, were efficiently isomerised into their (Z) isomers 2 by use of Lewis acids or metallated bases. The (E)/(Z) isomerisation was governed by different factors (type of chelating agent, nature and steric demand of the α,β-unsaturated group). We demonstrated that judicious selection of the α,β-unsaturated group, in combin